Physicians

Vice Chair, Department of Anesthesiology

Department / Division
Anesthesiology / Anesthesiology-GVTU Division

Address
DUMC 3094
Durham, NC 27710

Appointment Telephone
919-681-4660

Office Telephone
919-681-4660

Fax Telephone
919-681-4698

Training

• MD, London Hospital Medical College (United Kingdom), 1987

Residency

• Anesthesia, University of London (United Kingdom), 1988-1989
• Intensive Care, Middlesex Hospital (United Kingdom), 1989-1990
• Anesthesia and Intensive Care, University College Hospital (United Kingdom), 1990-1991
• Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital (United Kingdom), 1991-1992
• Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Royal Brompton Heart and Lungs Hospital (United Kingdom), 1992-1993

Other Training

• MHS, Duke University, 2009
• Licentiate in Acupuncture, 1992

Clinical Interests
General, vascular, high-risk, and ambulatory anesthesiology; acute pain; urology

Research Interests
My current research interests include postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), acute postoperative pain, clinical pharmacology of anesthetic drugs and resuscitation fluids as well as database research in postoperative outcomes.

Improving Outcome in Surgical Patients:

Nausea and vomiting is regarded as one of the most unpleasant experiences in postoperative recovery. To date, there is no single antiemetic which can satisfactorily control PONV. My interests concentrate on the use of new and novel antiemetics, combination antiemetic therapy, as well as new methods of delivery of these medications.

Another research interest is fluid resuscitation during surgery. I have conducted a number of studies investigating the intraoperative use of a new balanced colloid. I am investigating the use of esophageal Doppler, a relatively non-invasive cardiac output monitor, as a guide for fluid loading during major blood-loss surgery.

Improving Quality of Recovery in Geriatric Patients:

My previous experience with bispectral index monitoring has aroused my interest to pursue other clinical investigations in this area. With the International Anesthetic Research Society Clinical Scholar Award, I am investigating the recovery of elderly patients from day surgery with the use of bispectral index.

Much of what we do in anesthesia may not effect mortality and influence the length of hospital stay. However, the quality of recovery, such as the avoidance of pain and absence of postoperative nausea and vomiting can be prevented. In these days of cost containment in healthcare, managed care companies may not be interested in additional expenses that do not have an impact on the duration of hospital stay. With new methodology, I am assessing patients willingness to pay to avoid these postoperative discomforts.

Industry Relationships and Collaborations (What's this?)

This faculty member (or a member of their immediate family) has a working relationship (i.e. consulting, research, and/or educational services) with the companies listed below. These relations have been reported to the health system leadership and, when appropriate, management plans are in place to address potential conflicts.

• GLG
• Guidepoint Global
• PSI Pharma
• nellcor
• total health rewards
• vector Health, Inc

Representative Publications
Gan, TJ; Sinha, AC; Kovac, AL; Jones, RK; Cohen, SA; Battikha, JP; Deutsch, JS; Pergolizzi, JV; TDS Study Group, ; Glass, PS. A randomized, double-blind, multicenter trial comparing transdermal scopolamine plus ondansetron to ondansetron alone for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting in the outpatient setting. Anesthesia and Analgesia. 2009;108:1498-1504. (2009) Abstract

Habib, AS; Polascik, TJ; Weizer, AZ; White, WD; Moul, JW; ElGasim, MA; Gan, TJ. Lidocaine patch for postoperative analgesia after radical retropubic prostatectomy. Anesthesia and Analgesia. 2009;108:1950-1953. (2009) Abstract

Habib, AS; Wahl, K; Gu, J; Gan, TJ; Adenosine Study Group. Comparison of postoperative pain outcomes after vertical or Pfannenstiel incision for major gynecologic surgery. Current Medical Research and Opinion. 2009;25:1529-1534. (2009) Abstract

Ho, KY; Jones, L; Gan, TJ. The effect of cultural background on the usage of complementary and alternative medicine for chronic pain management. Pain physician. 2009;12:685-688. (2009) Abstract

Habib, AS; Gan, TJ. Pro: The Food and Drug Administration Black box warning on droperidol is not justified. Anesthesia and Analgesia. 2008;106:1414-1417. (2008) Abstract

Habib, AS; Gan, TJ. The use of droperidol before and after the Food and Drug Administration black box warning: a survey of the members of the Society of Ambulatory Anesthesia. Journal of Clinical Anesthesia. 2008;20:35-39. (2008) Abstract

Sun, Y; Gan, TJ. Acupuncture for the management of chronic headache: a systematic review. Anesthesia and Analgesia. 2008;107:2038-2047. (2008) Abstract

Sun, Y; Gan, TJ; Dubose, JW; Habib, AS. Acupuncture and related techniques for postoperative pain: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. British Journal of Anaesthesia. 2008;101:151-160. (2008) Abstract

Allen, TK; Habib, AS; Dear, GL; White, W; Lubarsky, DA; Gan, TJ. How much are patients willing to pay to avoid postoperative muscle pain associated with succinylcholine?. Journal of Clinical Anesthesia. 2007;19:601-608. (2007) Abstract

Diemunsch, P; Apfel, C; Gan, TJ; Candiotti, K; Philip, BK; Chelly, J; Carides, AD; Evans, JK; Ho, TW; Reiss, T. Preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting: post hoc analysis of pooled data from two randomized active-controlled trials of aprepitant. Current Medical Research and Opinion. 2007;23:2559-2565. (2007) Abstract

Gan, TJ. Mechanisms underlying postoperative nausea and vomiting and neurotransmitter receptor antagonist-based pharmacotherapy. CNS Drugs. 2007;21:813-833. (2007) Abstract

Gan, TJ; Apfel, CC; Kovac, A; Philip, BK; Singla, N; Minkowitz, H; Habib, AS; Knighton, J; Carides, AD; Zhang, H; Horgan, KJ; Evans, JK; Lawson, FC; Aprepitant-PONV Study Group. A randomized, double-blind comparison of the NK1 antagonist, aprepitant, versus ondansetron for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting. Anesthesia and Analgesia. 2007;104:1082-1089. (2007) Abstract

Gan, TJ; Meyer, TA; Apfel, CC; Chung, F; Davis, PJ; Habib, AS; Hooper, VD; Kovac, AL; Kranke, P; Myles, P; Philip, BK; Samsa, G; Sessler, DI; Temo, J; Tramèr, MR; Vander Kolk, C; Watcha, M; Society for Ambulatory Anesthesia. Society for Ambulatory Anesthesia guidelines for the management of postoperative nausea and vomiting. Anesthesia and Analgesia. 2007;105:1615-1628. (2007) Abstract

Kerger, H; Turan, A; Kredel, M; Stuckert, U; Alsip, N; Gan, TJ; Apfel, CC. Patients' willingness to pay for anti-emetic treatment. Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica: an international journal of anaesthesiology and intensive care, pain and emergency medicine. 2007;51:38-43. (2007) Abstract

Kranke, P; Eberhart, LH; Gan, TJ; Roewer, N; Tramèr, MR. Algorithms for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting: an efficacy and efficiency simulation. European Journal of Anaesthesiology. 2007;24:856-867. (2007) Abstract

Pyati, S; Gan, TJ. Perioperative pain management. CNS Drugs. 2007;21:185-211. (2007) Abstract

Gan, TJ. Risk factors for postoperative nausea and vomiting. Anesthesia and Analgesia. 2006;102:1884-1898. (2006) Abstract

Habib, AS; Itchon-Ramos, N; Phillips-Bute, BG; Gan, TJ; Duke Women's Anesthesia (DWA) Research Group. Transcutaneous acupoint electrical stimulation with the ReliefBand for the prevention of nausea and vomiting during and after cesarean delivery under spinal anesthesia. Anesthesia and Analgesia. 2006;102:581-584. (2006) Abstract

Ho, KY; Gan, TJ. Pharmacology, pharmacogenetics, and clinical efficacy of 5-hydroxytryptamine type 3 receptor antagonists for postoperative nausea and vomiting. Current Opinion in Anaesthesiology. 2006;19:606-611. (2006) Abstract

Ho, KY; Gan, TJ; Habib, AS. Gabapentin and postoperative pain--a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Pain. 2006;126:91-101. (2006) Abstract

D'Angelo, R; Philip, B; Gan, TJ; Kovac, A; Hantler, C; Doblar, D; Melson, T; Minkowitz, H; Dalby, P; Coop, A. A randomized, double-blind, close-ranging, pilot study of intravenous granisetron in the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients abdominal hysterectomy. European Journal of Anaesthesiology. 2005;22:774-779. (2005) Abstract

Gan, TJ. Selective serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonists for postoperative nausea and vomiting: are they all the same?. CNS Drugs. 2005;19:225-238. (2005) Abstract

Gan, TJ; Coop, A; Philip, BK. A randomized, double-blind study of granisetron plus dexamethasone versus ondansetron plus dexamethasone to prevent postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing abdominal hysterectomy. Anesthesia and Analgesia. 2005;101:1323-1329. (2005) Abstract

Grocott, MP; Mythen, MG; Gan, TJ. Perioperative fluid management and clinical outcomes in adults. Anesthesia and Analgesia. 2005;100:1093-1106. (2005) Abstract

Gan, TJ; Jiao, KR; Zenn, M; Georgiade, G. A randomized controlled comparison of electro-acupoint stimulation or ondansetron versus placebo for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting. Anesthesia and Analgesia. 2004;99:1070-1075. (2004) Abstract

Gan, TJ; Joshi, GP; Viscusi, E; Cheung, RY; Dodge, W; Fort, JG; Chen, C. Preoperative parenteral parecoxib and follow-up oral valdecoxib reduce length of stay and improve quality of patient recovery after laparoscopic cholecystectomy surgery. Anesthesia and Analgesia. 2004;98:1665-1673. (2004) Abstract

Gan, TJ; Lubarsky, DA; Flood, EM; Thanh, T; Mauskopf, J; Mayne, T; Chen, C. Patient preferences for acute pain treatment. British Journal of Anaesthesia. 2004;92:681-688. (2004) Abstract

Habib, AS; El-Moalem, HE; Gan, TJ. The efficacy of the 5-HT3 receptor antagonists combined with droperidol for PONV prophylaxis is similar to their combination with dexamethasone. A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Canadian Journal of Anaesthesia. 2004;51:311-319. (2004) Abstract

Habib, AS; Gan, TJ. Evidence-based management of postoperative nausea and vomiting: a review. Canadian Journal of Anaesthesia. 2004;51:326-341. (2004) Abstract

Joshi, GP; Viscusi, ER; Gan, TJ; Minkowitz, H; Cippolle, M; Schuller, R; Cheung, RY; Fort, JG. Effective treatment of laparoscopic cholecystectomy pain with intravenous followed by oral COX-2 specific inhibitor. Anesthesia and Analgesia. 2004;98:336-342. (2004) Abstract

Apfelbaum, JL; Chen, C; Mehta, SS; Gan, TJ. Postoperative pain experience: results from a national survey suggest postoperative pain continues to be undermanaged. Anesthesia and Analgesia. 2003;97:534-540. (2003) Abstract

Cameron, D; Gan, TJ. Management of postoperative nausea and vomiting in ambulatory surgery. Anesthesiology Clinics. 2003;21:347-365. (2003) Abstract

Gan, TJ; Ing, RJ; de L Dear, G; Wright, D; El-Moalem, HE; Lubarsky, DA. How much are patients willing to pay to avoid intraoperative awareness?. Journal of Clinical Anesthesia. 2003;15:108-112. (2003) Abstract

Gan, TJ; Meyer, T; Apfel, CC; Chung, F; Davis, PJ; Eubanks, S; Kovac, A; Philip, BK; Sessler, DI; Temo, J; Tramèr, MR; Watcha, M; Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University Medical Center. Consensus guidelines for managing postoperative nausea and vomiting. Anesthesia and Analgesia. 2003;97:62-71. (2003) Abstract

Habib, AS; Gan, TJ. Combination antiemetics: what is the evidence?. International Anesthesiology Clinics. 2003;41:119-144. (2003) Abstract

Habib, AS; Gan, TJ. Food and drug administration black box warning on the perioperative use of droperidol: a review of the cases. Anesthesia and Analgesia. 2003;96:1377-1379. (2003) Abstract

Habib, AS; Gan, TJ. Pharmacotherapy of postoperative nausea and vomiting. Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy. 2003;4:457-473. (2003) Abstract

Martin, G; Glass, PS; Breslin, DS; MacLeod, DB; Sanderson, IC; Lubarsky, DA; Reves, JG; Gan, TJ. A study of anesthetic drug utilization in different age groups. Journal of Clinical Anesthesia. 2003;15:194-200. (2003) Abstract

Moretti, EW; Robertson, KM; El-Moalem, H; Gan, TJ. Intraoperative colloid administration reduces postoperative nausea and vomiting and improves postoperative outcomes compared with crystalloid administration. Anesthesia and Analgesia. 2003;96:611-617. (2003) Abstract

Olson, RP; Schow, AJ; McCann, R; Lubarsky, DA; Gan, TJ. Absence of adverse outcomes in hyperkalemic patients undergoing vascular access surgery. Canadian Journal of Anaesthesia. 2003;50:553-557. (2003) Abstract

Shang, AB; Gan, TJ. Optimising postoperative pain management in the ambulatory patient. Drugs. 2003;63:855-867. (2003) Abstract

Alexander, R; El-Moalem, HE; Gan, TJ. Comparison of the morphine-sparing effects of diclofenac sodium and ketorolac tromethamine after major orthopedic surgery. Journal of Clinical Anesthesia. 2002;14:187-192. (2002) Abstract

Erb, TO; Hall, JM; Ing, RJ; Kanter, RJ; Kern, FH; Schulman, SR; Gan, TJ. Postoperative nausea and vomiting in children and adolescents undergoing radiofrequency catheter ablation: a randomized comparison of propofol- and isoflurane-based anesthetics. Anesthesia and Analgesia. 2002;95:1577-1581. (2002) Abstract

Erb, TO; Kanter, RJ; Hall, JM; Gan, TJ; Kern, FH; Schulman, SR. Comparison of electrophysiologic effects of propofol and isoflurane-based anesthetics in children undergoing radiofrequency catheter ablation for supraventricular tachycardia. Anesthesiology. 2002;96:1386-1394. (2002) Abstract

Fabling, JM; Gan, TJ; El-Moalem, HE; Warner, DS; Borel, CO. A randomized, double-blind comparison of ondansetron versus placebo for prevention of nausea and vomiting after infratentorial craniotomy. Journal of Neurosurgical Anesthesiology. 2002;14:102-107. (2002) Abstract

Gan, TJ. Postoperative nausea and vomiting--can it be eliminated?. JAMA: Journal of the American Medical Association. 2002;287:1233-1236. (2002) Abstract

Gan, TJ; Franiak, R; Reeves, J. Ondansetron orally disintegrating tablet versus placebo for the prevention of postdischarge nausea and vomiting after ambulatory surgery. Anesthesia and Analgesia. 2002;94:1199-1200. (2002) Abstract

Gan, TJ; Habib, AS. Use of the bispectral index to monitor anaesthesia. British Journal of Hospital Medicine. 2002;63:68-69. (2002) Abstract

Gan, TJ; Soppitt, A; Maroof, M; el-Moalem, H; Robertson, KM; Moretti, E; Dwane, P; Glass, PS. Goal-directed intraoperative fluid administration reduces length of hospital stay after major surgery. Anesthesiology. 2002;97:820-826. (2002) Abstract

Gan, TJ; White, PF; Scuderi, PE; Watcha, MF; Kovac, A. FDA "black box" warning regarding use of droperidol for postoperative nausea and vomiting: is it justified?. Anesthesiology. 2002;97:287. (2002) Abstract

Martin, G; Bennett-Guerrero, E; Wakeling, H; Mythen, MG; el-Moalem, H; Robertson, K; Kucmeroski, D; Gan, TJ. A prospective, randomized comparison of thromboelastographic coagulation profile in patients receiving lactated Ringer's solution, 6% hetastarch in a balanced-saline vehicle, or 6% hetastarch in saline during major surgery. Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia. 2002;16:441-446. (2002) Abstract

Moretti, EW; Robertson, KM; Tuttle-Newhall, JE; Clavien, PA; Gan, TJ. Orthotopic liver transplant patients require less postoperative morphine than do patients undergoing hepatic resection. Journal of Clinical Anesthesia. 2002;14:416-420. (2002) Abstract

Schow, AJ; Lubarsky, DA; Olson, RP; Gan, TJ. Can succinylcholine be used safely in hyperkalemic patients?. Anesthesia and Analgesia. 2002;95:119-122. (2002) Abstract

Wilkes, NJ; Woolf, RL; Powanda, MC; Gan, TJ; Machin, SJ; Webb, A; Mutch, M; Bennett-Guerrero, E; Mythen, M. Hydroxyethyl starch in balanced electrolyte solution (Hextend)--pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles in healthy volunteers. Anesthesia and Analgesia. 2002;94:538-544. (2002) Abstract

Dexter, F; Gan, TJ; Naguib, M; Lubarsky, DA. Cost identification analysis for succinylcholine. Anesthesia and Analgesia. 2001;92:693-699. (2001) Abstract

Gan, TJ; Madan, R; Alexander, R; Jhaveri, R; El-Moalem, H; Weatherwax, K; Glass, PS. Duration of action of vecuronium after an intubating dose of rapacuronium, vecuronium, or succinylcholine. Anesthesia and Analgesia. 2001;92:1199-1202. (2001) Abstract

Habib, AS; Gan, TJ. Combination therapy for postoperative nausea and vomiting - a more effective prophylaxis?. Ambulatory Surgery. 2001;9:59-71. (2001) Abstract

Murdoch, JA; Gan, TJ. Anesthesia for hysteroscopy. Anesthesiology Clinics. 2001;19:125-140. (2001) Abstract